Symbol.toStringTag

Symbol.toStringTag 是一个内置 symbol,它通常作为对象的属性键使用,对应的属性值应该为字符串类型,这个字符串用来表示该对象的自定义类型标签,通常只有内置的 Object.prototype.toString() 方法会去读取这个标签并把它包含在自己的返回值里。

Symbol.toStringTag 属性的属性特性:
writable false
enumerable false
configurable false

描述

许多内置的 JavaScript 对象类型即便没有 toStringTag 属性,也能被 toString() 方法识别并返回特定的类型标签,比如:

Object.prototype.toString.call('foo');     // "[object String]"
Object.prototype.toString.call([1, 2]);    // "[object Array]"
Object.prototype.toString.call(3);         // "[object Number]"
Object.prototype.toString.call(true);      // "[object Boolean]"
Object.prototype.toString.call(undefined); // "[object Undefined]"
Object.prototype.toString.call(null);      // "[object Null]"
// ... and more

另外一些对象类型则不然,toString() 方法能识别它们是因为引擎为它们设置好了 toStringTag 标签:

Object.prototype.toString.call(new Map());       // "[object Map]"
Object.prototype.toString.call(function* () {}); // "[object GeneratorFunction]"
Object.prototype.toString.call(Promise.resolve()); // "[object Promise]"
// ... and more

但你自己创建的类不会有这份特殊待遇,toString() 找不到 toStringTag 属性时只好返回默认的 Object 标签:

class ValidatorClass {}

Object.prototype.toString.call(new ValidatorClass()); // "[object Object]"

加上 toStringTag 属性,你的类也会有自定义的类型标签了:

class ValidatorClass {
  get [Symbol.toStringTag]() {
    return "Validator";
  }
}

Object.prototype.toString.call(new ValidatorClass()); // "[object Validator]"

规范

Specification Status Comment
ECMAScript 2015 (6th Edition, ECMA-262)
Symbol.toStringTag
Standard Initial definition.
ECMAScript Latest Draft (ECMA-262)
Symbol.toStringTag
Draft  

浏览器兼容性

We're converting our compatibility data into a machine-readable JSON format. This compatibility table still uses the old format, because we haven't yet converted the data it contains. Find out how you can help!

Feature Chrome Firefox (Gecko) Internet Explorer Opera Safari
Basic support 49 51 (51) 未实现 ? ?
Feature Android Chrome for Android Firefox Mobile (Gecko) IE Mobile Opera Mobile Safari Mobile
Basic support ? ? 51.0 (51) 未实现 ? ?

相关链接