std::basic_string<CharT,Traits,Allocator>::assign
< cpp | string | basic string
basic_string& assign( size_type count, CharT ch ); |
(1) | |
basic_string& assign( const basic_string& str ); |
(2) | |
(3) | ||
basic_string& assign( const basic_string& str, size_type pos, |
(until C++14) | |
basic_string& assign( const basic_string& str, size_type pos, |
(since C++14) | |
(4) | ||
basic_string& assign( basic_string&& str ); |
(since C++11) (until C++17) |
|
basic_string& assign( basic_string&& str ) noexcept(/* see below */); |
(since C++17) | |
basic_string& assign( const CharT* s, size_type count ); |
(5) | |
basic_string& assign( const CharT* s ); |
(6) | |
template< class InputIt > basic_string& assign( InputIt first, InputIt last ); |
(7) | |
basic_string& assign( std::initializer_list<CharT> ilist ); |
(8) | (since C++11) |
template < class T > basic_string& assign( const T& t ); |
(9) | (since C++17) |
template < class T > basic_string& assign( const T& t, |
(10) | (since C++17) |
Replaces the contents of the string.
1) Replaces the contents with
count
copies of character ch
.2) Replaces the contents with a copy of
str
. Equivalent to *this = str;. In particular, allocator propagation may take place. (since C++11)3) Replaces the contents with a substring
[pos, pos+count)
of str
. If the requested substring lasts past the end of the string, or if count == npos, the resulting substring is [pos, str.size())
. If pos > str.size(), std::out_of_range is thrown. 4) Replaces the contents with those of
str
using move semantics. Equivalent to *this = std::move(str). In particular, allocator propagation may take place.5) Replaces the contents with copies of the characters in the range
[s, s+count)
. This range can contain null characters.6) Replaces the contents with those of null-terminated character string pointed to by
s
. The length of the string is determined by the first null character using Traits::length(s). 7) Replaces the contents with copies of the characters in the range
[first, last)
. This overload does not participate in overload resolution if InputIt
does not satisfy LegacyInputIterator. (since C++11)8) Replaces the contents with those of the initializer list
ilist
.9) Implicitly converts
t
to a string view sv
as if by std::basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> sv = t;, then replaces the contents with those of sv
, as if by assign(sv.data(), sv.size()). This overload only participates in overload resolution if std::is_convertible_v<const T&, std::basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>> is true and std::is_convertible_v<const T&, const CharT*> is false.10) Implicitly converts
t
to a string view sv
as if by std::basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> sv = t;, then replaces the contents with the characters from the subview [pos, pos+count)
of sv
. If the requested subview lasts past the end of sv
, or if count == npos, the resulting subview is [pos, sv.size())
. If pos > sv.size(), std::out_of_range is thrown. This overload only participates in overload resolution if std::is_convertible_v<const T&, std::basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>> is true and std::is_convertible_v<const T&, const CharT*> is false.Parameters
count | - | size of the resulting string |
pos | - | index of the first character to take |
ch | - | value to initialize characters of the string with |
first, last | - | range to copy the characters from |
str | - | string to be used as source to initialize the characters with |
s | - | pointer to a character string to use as source to initialize the string with |
ilist | - | std::initializer_list to initialize the characters of the string with |
t | - | object (convertible to std::basic_string_view) to initialize the characters of the string with |
Type requirements | ||
-InputIt must meet the requirements of LegacyInputIterator.
|
Return value
*this
Complexity
1) linear in
count
2) linear in size of
str
3) linear in
count
4) constant. If
alloc
is given and alloc != other.get_allocator(), then linear.5) linear in
count
6) linear in size of
s
7) linear in distance between
first
and last
8) linear in size of
ilist
Exceptions
If an exception is thrown for any reason, this function has no effect (strong exception guarantee). (since C++11)
If the operation would result in size() > max_size()
, throws std::length_error.
4)
noexcept specification:
noexcept(std::allocator_traits<Allocator>::propagate_on_container_move_assignment::value || std::allocator_traits<Allocator>::is_always_equal::value) |
(since C++17) |
Defect reports
The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.
DR | Applied to | Behavior as published | Correct behavior |
---|---|---|---|
LWG 2063 | C++11 | non-normative note stated that swap is a valid implementation of move-assign | corrected to require move assignment |
LWG 2946 | C++17 | string_view overload causes ambiguity in some cases
|
avoided by making it a template |
Example
Run this code
#include <iostream> #include <iterator> #include <string> int main() { std::string s; // assign(size_type count, CharT ch) s.assign(4, '='); std::cout << s << '\n'; // "====" std::string const c("Exemplary"); // assign(basic_string const& str) s.assign(c); std::cout << c << "==" << s <<'\n'; // "Exemplary == Exemplary" // assign(basic_string const& str, size_type pos, size_type count) s.assign(c, 0, c.length()-1); std::cout << s << '\n'; // "Exemplar"; // assign(basic_string&& str) s.assign(std::string("C++ by ") + "example"); std::cout << s << '\n'; // "C++ by example" // assign(charT const* s, size_type count) s.assign("C-style string", 7); std::cout << s << '\n'; // "C-style" // assign(charT const* s) s.assign("C-style\0string"); std::cout << s << '\n'; // "C-style" char mutable_c_str[] = "C-style string"; // assign(InputIt first, InputIt last) s.assign(std::begin(mutable_c_str), std::end(mutable_c_str)-1); std::cout << s << '\n'; // "C-style string" // assign(std::initializer_list<charT> ilist) s.assign({ 'C', '-', 's', 't', 'y', 'l', 'e' }); std::cout << s << '\n'; // "C-style" }
Output:
==== Exemplary==Exemplary Exemplar C++ by example C-style C-style C-style string C-style
See also
constructs a basic_string (public member function) | |
assigns values to the string (public member function) |